The prostate or prostate iron is at the base of the bladder.The organ produces seed fluid, which during ejaculation is thrown into the urethra.The secret of the prostate gland creates optimal conditions for the life of spermatozoa outside of a man's body.
Made on the prostate
Prostate activity is controlled by male sex hormones.During puberty, the testosterone level increases, which causes an active growth of the prostate gland.The prostate has the maximum volume in 20-40 years.
Prostatitis
The causal agent of infectious prostatitis in most cases is bacteria or viruses.Less commonly, the disease can be a complication of inflammatory urological diseases: epididimitis, urethritis, cystitis.
Non -infectious prostatitis in its manifestations practically does not differ from the infectious.The differences concern the results of the exam: in this type of disease, the pathogen is not detected.
Symptoms
In most cases, prostatitis begins highly.There are three forms of damage to the acute prostate:
- Catarro, accompanied by a slight urination disorder and slight pain behind pubis and in the anus area.
- Follicular, in which urination and pain are stronger.
- Purulent, accompanied by severe pain, fever, deterioration of general conditions and problems with the unloading of urine.The diffusion of the scrotum infection leads to the inflammation of the testicles (orcite).Sometimes purulent abscesses occur in the pelvis.
Without treatment, the disease goes into a chronic form.The acute symptoms attenuate themselves, periodically manifesting during hypothermia, in the low season (spring).
Sometimes the disease immediately acquires a chronic path.In this case, the symptoms of the disease gradually increase, which forces many men to associate them not to prostatitis, but with age -related changes.
In chronic prostatitis, there are:
- frequent urination, the appearance of sudden impulses, especially at night;
- Slow, intermittent pressure, weak of the urine;
- pain during ejaculation;
- Problems with power.
Pathological changes influence the walls of the bladder, kidneys and nerve plexuses that go to the prostate.This leads to the appearance of back pain and difficulty with the unloading of the urine.There is pain during erection and ejaculation.
Unpleasant phenomena subside when they prescribe adequate treatment.First the patient begins to be treated, the greater the possibility of completely restoring health.
To make a diagnosis of prostatitis,:
- General examination, history of the anamnesis, evaluation of the complaints and severity of the symptoms;
- A rectal exam of the finger, during which the size of the prostate, its density and other parameters are determined;
- The study of the strips, urine and seed fluid on the Sappp.
Treatment of prostatitis
The treatment is selected according to the causes of chronic inflammation in the prostate gland.In the case of the infection, a well selected course of drugs can completely eliminate the cause of the inflammatory process.
In case of complications, the treatment aims to eliminate them.The patient is prescribed drugs and procedures that improve the microcirculation that relieves the edema that eliminates pain and normalize the function of the gland.
It is easier to treat the inflammation of the prostate gland when diagnosed at the beginning of the development of the disease.However, modern medicine allows patients where the disease has become chronic.
To prevent the exacerbations of the chronic form of the disease, an anti -eromobile treatment is carried out to control the course of prostatitis, avoiding complications.
For this, prostate massage, intake and anti -inflammatory drugs are prescribed.In advanced chronic cases, when the treatment does not provide the desired effect, surgical removal of the prostate gland is performed.
Important factors on prostatitis
- The appointment of the treatment is possible only after making an accurate diagnosis.
- In advanced cases, it is possible to significantly improve the patient's condition and improve the quality of his life.
- The disappearance of the symptoms of prostatitis is not an indication for the end of the treatment.
- The disease does not go to cancer.
- Prostatitis is not a reason to refuse sex, with the exception of an acute period, accompanied by pain during erection and ejaculation.
Prostate adenoma
Adenoma - Benigna hyperplasia (increase) of the prostate gland.In recent years, the disease has been "younger".The cases of increased prostate are also from 30 -year -old patients.In this group, the probability of detecting the adenoma is about 10%.
At the age of 65, an increase in prostate is detected in every second man.In patients over the age of 70, the size of the prostate gland exceed the norm in almost 90% of cases.
A dangerous manifestation of prostate adenoma is the formation of knots that compress the urethra.The formations of the knot are growing slowly, because the violation of urination develops gradually.
According to the most common theory, the development of prostate adenoma is a consequence of hormonal imbalance, which develops with age in a man's body.
Symptoms
Each fourth patient detects difficulty in urination.The strong muscles of the bladder are initially able to squeeze the urine outwards.However, as adenoma advances, compensatory mechanisms cease to cope and the patient has problems with urination:
- intermittent flow;
- "pressure" weak urine;
- tightening of the urination process;
- A feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- Spasmani pains.
The more the adenoma becomes, the more the symptoms become.The impulse becomes more often and begins to disturb the night.In advanced cases, a paradoxical phenomenon is formed: the constant irritation of the bladder wall leads to its uncontinated and urinary reduction.
The stagnant phenomena of the bladder lead to its inflammation (cysts) and cause the formation of stones.Gradually, the infection increases to the kidneys, causing their purulent inflammation - pyelonefrite.The expansion of the lighting apparatus of the renal hydronephrosis bowl can develop.As a result, the patient has renal failure.
The constant tension during urination in elderly patients causes hearts and blood vessels.Cases of blows are also described when trying to "squeeze" the urine.
Diagnostics
At the exam, the urologist evaluates the patient's physical conditions and his prostate gland.The evaluation of the prostate provides for the determination of its size, consistency and form.
The patient prescribes a general urine analysis, an ultrasound of the pelvic organs, an ultrasound of the bladder to determine the level of residual urine, ultrasound of the prostate gland using a rectal sensor, cystoscopy and urofluometry.The number of necessary exams may vary according to the characteristics of the course of the disease.
Treatment
You can reduce the severity of symptoms in various ways.Their most effective are the adaptation of the drinking regime, the refusal of coffee and alcohol.In this case, calls at night disturb the patient much less.
For the treatment of prostate adenoma, two groups of drugs are used:
- Alfa blockers that improve the outflow of urine along the urinary tract.Patients notice an improvement in the condition almost immediately after the start of treatment.The side effects include dizziness, reduction of blood pressure, general weakness.
- The preparations that block testosterone reduce the gland.The effect is evident after a few months.
Currently, the most effective and safe is the combined purpose of Alfa blockers and testosterone blockers.
The transureral excision of the prostate is the most effective way to remove the adenoma and restore normal urination.The conduct of surgery does not require the performance of the skin cuts.All the tools and the camera are introduced through the urethra.Prostate fabrics are removed from a manipulator equipped with an electrical cycle.